BACKGROUND
Q fever is a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii. The disease is emerging in many parts of the world, likely in part due to increased awareness and the availability of better diagnostic tests. The clinical diagnosis of Q fever is difficult, and most confirmed cases rely on serology.
METHODS
This study compared the sensitivity, specificity, and performance of 2 commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, with a commercial microimmunofluorescence antibody test (IFA) used as reference.
RESULTS
One of the ELISA kits showed a higher sensitivity and a lower cross-reactivity than the other kit. Likewise, the same kit was superior when comparing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves.
CONCLUSIONS
The results support the continued use of IFA as a primary serological test for Q fever; for large numbers of samples, an ELISA kit can be used as a screening tool, if followed by a confirmatory IFA test.
Anti-Properdin/CFP Antibody |
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| MBS2401937-5x005mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.05mL | 2500 EUR |
Anti-Human CFP/Properdin Antibody |
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| MBS1569548-01mg | MyBiosource | 0.1mg | 405 EUR |
Anti-Human CFP/Properdin Antibody |
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| MBS1569548-5x01mg | MyBiosource | 5x0.1mg | 1520 EUR |
Anti-Human CFP/Properdin Nanobody |
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| MBS1568065-01mg | MyBiosource | 0.1mg | 405 EUR |
Anti-Human CFP/Properdin Nanobody |
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| MBS1568065-5x01mg | MyBiosource | 5x0.1mg | 1520 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| 5986-100 | Biovision | each | 444 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| 5986-30T | Biovision | each | 175.2 EUR |
CFP antibody |
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| 20R-1864 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | 807.6 EUR |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal CFP antibody |
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CFP Antibody |
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| 32828 | SAB | 100ul | 439 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| 32828-100ul | SAB | 100ul | 302.4 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| E19-7320 | EnoGene | 100μg/100μl | 225 EUR |
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Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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CFP Antibody |
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| DF7320 | Affbiotech | 200ul | 420 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| DF7320-100ul | Affinity Biosciences | 100ul | 280 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| DF7320-200ul | Affinity Biosciences | 200ul | 350 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| E95398 | EnoGene | 100μg | 255 EUR |
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Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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CFP Antibody |
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| E312581 | EnoGene | 200ul | 275 EUR |
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Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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CFP antibody |
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| 70R-12454 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | 413 EUR |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal CFP antibody |
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CFP antibody |
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| 70R-5909 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | 467 EUR |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal CFP antibody raised against the middle region of CFP |
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CFP antibody |
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| 70R-5908 | Fitzgerald | 50 ug | 467 EUR |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal CFP antibody raised against the N terminal of CFP |
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CFP Antibody |
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| F52012-0.08ML | NSJ Bioreagents | 0.08 ml | 140.25 EUR |
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Description: This gene encodes a plasma glycoprotein that positively regulates the alternative complement pathway of the innate immune system. This protein binds to many microbial surfaces and apoptotic cells and stabilizes the C3- and C5-convertase enzyme complexes in a feedback loop that ultimately leads to formation of the membrane attack complex and lysis of the target cell. Mutations in this gene result in two forms of properdin deficiency, which results in high susceptibility to meningococcal infections. |
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CFP Antibody |
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| F52012-0.4ML | NSJ Bioreagents | 0.4 ml | 322.15 EUR |
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Description: This gene encodes a plasma glycoprotein that positively regulates the alternative complement pathway of the innate immune system. This protein binds to many microbial surfaces and apoptotic cells and stabilizes the C3- and C5-convertase enzyme complexes in a feedback loop that ultimately leads to formation of the membrane attack complex and lysis of the target cell. Mutations in this gene result in two forms of properdin deficiency, which results in high susceptibility to meningococcal infections. |
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CFP Antibody |
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| GWB-MU293E | GenWay Biotech | 50ug | Ask for price |
CFP Antibody |
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| GWB-MU294F | GenWay Biotech | 50ug | Ask for price |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS9410888-005mL | MyBiosource | 0.05mL | 300 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS9410888-01mL | MyBiosource | 0.1mL | 390 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS9410888-5x01mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.1mL | 1610 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS8505550-01mg | MyBiosource | 0.1mg | 325 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS8505550-01mLAF405L | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF405L) | 565 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS8505550-01mLAF405S | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF405S) | 565 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS8505550-01mLAF610 | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF610) | 565 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS8505550-01mLAF635 | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF635) | 565 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS8516754-01mg | MyBiosource | 0.1mg | 305 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS8516754-01mLAF405L | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF405L) | 465 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS8516754-01mLAF405S | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF405S) | 465 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS8516754-01mLAF610 | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF610) | 465 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS8516754-01mLAF635 | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF635) | 465 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS9607957-01mL | MyBiosource | 0.1mL | 260 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS9607957-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | 305 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| MBS9607957-5x02mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.2mL | 1220 EUR |
CFP Antibody |
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| ABD7320 | Lifescience Market | 100 ug | 525.6 EUR |
CFP |
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| CSB-CL005291HU | Cusabio | 10 μg plasmid + 200μl Glycerol | Ask for price |
CFP |
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| pro-2011 | ProSpec Tany | 5µg | 60 EUR |
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Description: Recombinant Human Complement Factor Properdin |
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CFP |
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| pro-2702 | ProSpec Tany | 2µg | 60 EUR |
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Description: Human Complement Factor Properdin |
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CFP |
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| MBS8564329-01mLAF405L | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF405L) | 565 EUR |
CFP |
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| MBS8564329-01mLAF405S | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF405S) | 565 EUR |
CFP |
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| MBS8564329-01mLAF610 | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF610) | 565 EUR |
CFP |
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| MBS8564329-01mLAF635 | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF635) | 565 EUR |
CFP |
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| MBS8564329-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | 345 EUR |
anti-CFP |
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| AB9144-100 | SICGEN | 300 µg | 352 EUR |
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Description: Goat polyclonal antibody to CFP (Cyan fluorescent protein). CFP is a basic (constitutively fluorescent), monomeric engineered derivate of green fluorescent protein (GFP) isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. CFP is a ~27 kDa protein that is optimally excited at a 456 nm and has a maximum of emission at 480 nm. It is used in research as a reporter to label and study the biology of the cell using a wide range of applications. |
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anti-CFP |
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| MBS448291-03mg | MyBiosource | 0.3mg | 330 EUR |
anti-CFP |
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| MBS448291-5x03mg | MyBiosource | 5x0.3mg | 1440 EUR |
CFP Antibody (Center) |
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| MBS9202012-008mL | MyBiosource | 0.08mL | 210 EUR |
CFP Antibody (Center) |
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| MBS9202012-04mL | MyBiosource | 0.4mL | 430 EUR |
CFP Antibody (Center) |
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| MBS9202012-5x04mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.4mL | 1910 EUR |
CFP Antibody (Center) |
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| E45R32758G-1 | EnoGene | 100 ul | 395 EUR |
CFP Antibody (Center) |
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| E45R32758G-4 | EnoGene | 50 ul | 295 EUR |
Properdin (CFP) Antibody |
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| abx034581-400ul | Abbexa | 400 ul | 627.6 EUR |
Properdin (CFP) Antibody |
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| abx034581-80l | Abbexa | 80 µl | 343.2 EUR |
Properdin (CFP) Antibody |
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| 20-abx004133 | Abbexa |
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CFP Antibody / Properdin |
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| RQ4672 | NSJ Bioreagents | 100ug | 356.15 EUR |
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Description: Properdin (factor P) is a plasma protein that is active in the alternative complement pathway of the innate immune system. It is mapped to Xp11.23. This protein binds to many microbial surfaces and apoptotic cells and stabilizes the C3- and C5-convertase enzyme complexes in a feedback loop that ultimately leads to formation of the membrane attack complex and lysis of the target cell. Mutations in this gene result in two forms of properdin deficiency, which results in high susceptibility to meningococcal infections. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. |
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Properdin (CFP) Antibody |
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| abx034581-100g | Abbexa | 100 µg | 250 EUR |
Properdin (CFP) Antibody |
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| abx004133-100l | Abbexa | 100 µl | 400 EUR |
Properdin (CFP) Antibody |
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| abx004133-20l | Abbexa | 20 µl | 175 EUR |
Properdin (CFP) Antibody |
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| abx004133-50l | Abbexa | 50 µl | 275 EUR |
pA7- CFP |
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| PVT11194 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | 361.2 EUR |
CFP Conjugated Antibody |
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| C32828 | SAB | 100ul | 476.4 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| E-AB-92647-120uL | Elabscience Biotech | 120uL | 320 EUR |
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Description: Unconjugated |
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CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| E-AB-92647-200uL | Elabscience Biotech | 200uL | 530 EUR |
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Description: Unconjugated |
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CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| E-AB-92647-60uL | Elabscience Biotech | 60uL | 200 EUR |
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Description: Unconjugated |
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CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| E-AB-92647-each | Elabscience Biotech | each | Ask for price |
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Description: Unconjugated |
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CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9140833-002mL | MyBiosource | 0.02mL | 200 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9140833-005mL | MyBiosource | 0.05mL | 255 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9140833-01mL | MyBiosource | 0.1mL | 345 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9140833-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | 545 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9140833-5x02mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.2mL | 2265 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9140834-002mL | MyBiosource | 0.02mL | 200 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9140834-005mL | MyBiosource | 0.05mL | 255 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9140834-01mL | MyBiosource | 0.1mL | 345 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9140834-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | 545 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9140834-5x02mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.2mL | 2265 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9126979-002mL | MyBiosource | 0.02mL | 200 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9126979-005mL | MyBiosource | 0.05mL | 255 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9126979-01mL | MyBiosource | 0.1mL | 345 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9126979-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | 545 EUR |
CFP Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS9126979-5x02mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.2mL | 2265 EUR |
CFP Conjugated Antibody |
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| MBS9443919-01mLAF350 | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF350) | 480 EUR |
CFP Conjugated Antibody |
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| MBS9443919-01mLAF405 | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF405) | 480 EUR |
CFP Conjugated Antibody |
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| MBS9443919-01mLAF488 | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF488) | 480 EUR |
CFP Conjugated Antibody |
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| MBS9443919-01mLAF555 | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(AF555) | 480 EUR |
CFP Conjugated Antibody |
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| MBS9443919-01mLBiotin | MyBiosource | 0.1mL(Biotin) | 480 EUR |
CFP polyclonal antibody |
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| BS7571 | Bioworld Biotech | 50 ul | 208 EUR |
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Description: Rabbit |
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TB CFP-10 |
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| MBS8506729-01mg | MyBiosource | 0.1mg | 325 EUR |
TB CFP-10 |
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| MBS8506729-5x01mg | MyBiosource | 5x0.1mg | 1320 EUR |
CFP siRNA |
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| 20-abx911606 | Abbexa |
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CFP siRNA |
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| 20-abx911607 | Abbexa |
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CFP-Parkin |
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| PVT14405 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | 718.8 EUR |
Anti-CFP Antibody |
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| A00852-2 | BosterBio | 100ug/vial | 400.8 EUR |
Anti-CFP antibody |
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| STJ27351 | St John's Laboratory | 100 µl | 332.4 EUR |
|
Description: This gene encodes a plasma glycoprotein that positively regulates the alternative complement pathway of the innate immune system. This protein binds to many microbial surfaces and apoptotic cells and stabilizes the C3- and C5-convertase enzyme complexes in a feedback loop that ultimately leads to formation of the membrane attack complex and lysis of the target cell. Mutations in this gene result in two forms of properdin deficiency, which results in high susceptibility to meningococcal infections. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. |
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Anti-CFP antibody |
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| STJ118854 | St John's Laboratory | 100 µl | 332.4 EUR |
Anti-CFP antibody |
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| STJ118855 | St John's Laboratory | 100 µl | 332.4 EUR |
Anti-CFP Antibody |
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| MBS1751280-01mg | MyBiosource | 0.1mg | 450 EUR |
Anti-CFP Antibody |
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| MBS1751280-5x01mg | MyBiosource | 5x0.1mg | 1870 EUR |
Anti-CFP Antibody |
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| MBS415175-01mg | MyBiosource | 0.1mg | 265 EUR |
Anti-CFP Antibody |
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| MBS415175-5x01mg | MyBiosource | 5x0.1mg | 925 EUR |
Anti-CFP antibody |
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| PAab01622 | Lifescience Market | 100 ug | 426 EUR |
Anti-CFP mAb |
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| MBS330148-01mg | MyBiosource | 0.1mg | 300 EUR |
Anti-CFP mAb |
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| MBS330148-1mg | MyBiosource | 1mg | 1185 EUR |
Anti-CFP mAb |
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| MBS330148-5x1mg | MyBiosource | 5x1mg | 5095 EUR |
Recombinant TB antigen CFP-10 |
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| E21-RA28-1 | EnoGene | - | Ask for price |
Recombinant TB antigen CFP-10 |
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| DAG46141 | Creative Diagnostics | 1 mg | 697.2 EUR |
Recombinant TB antigen CFP-10 |
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| MBS8575057-005mg | MyBiosource | 0.05mg | 610 EUR |
Recombinant TB antigen CFP-10 |
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| MBS8575057-5x005mg | MyBiosource | 5x0.05mg | 2575 EUR |
CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) |
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| MBS644545-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | 695 EUR |
CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) |
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| MBS644545-5x02mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.2mL | 2975 EUR |
Cfp (untagged) - Mouse complement factor properdin (Cfp), (10ug) |
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| MC216279 | Origene Technologies GmbH | 10 µg | Ask for price |
CFP antibody - middle region |
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| MBS3212739-01mL | MyBiosource | 0.1mL | 455 EUR |
CFP antibody - middle region |
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| MBS3212739-5x01mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.1mL | 1995 EUR |
Rabbit anti-Mus musculus (Mouse) Cfp Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS7138515-INQUIRE | MyBiosource | INQUIRE | Ask for price |
CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) (AP) |
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| MBS6285403-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | 980 EUR |
CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) (AP) |
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| MBS6285403-5x02mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.2mL | 4250 EUR |
CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) (PE) |
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| MBS6285413-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | 980 EUR |
CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) (PE) |
|||
| MBS6285413-5x02mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.2mL | 4250 EUR |
CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) (APC) |
|||
| MBS6285404-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | 980 EUR |
CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) (APC) |
|||
| MBS6285404-5x02mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.2mL | 4250 EUR |
OAAJ07786-100UL - CFP Antibody |
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| OAAJ07786-100UL | Aviva Systems Biology | 100uL | 319 EUR |
OASA02780-100UG - CFP Antibody |
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| OASA02780-100UG | Aviva Systems Biology | 0.1mg | 519 EUR |
OASA02781-100UG - CFP Antibody |
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| OASA02781-100UG | Aviva Systems Biology | 0.1mg | 539 EUR |
CFP Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody |
|||
| E10G34847 | EnoGene | 100 μl | 275 EUR |
|
Description: Biotin-Conjugated, FITC-Conjugated , AF350 Conjugated , AF405M-Conjugated ,AF488-Conjugated, AF514-Conjugated ,AF532-Conjugated, AF555-Conjugated ,AF568-Conjugated , HRP-Conjugated, AF405S-Conjugated, AF405L-Conjugated , AF546-Conjugated, AF594-Conjugated , AF610-Conjugated, AF635-Conjugated , AF647-Conjugated , AF680-Conjugated , AF700-Conjugated , AF750-Conjugated , AF790-Conjugated , APC-Conjugated , PE-Conjugated , Cy3-Conjugated , Cy5-Conjugated , Cy5.5-Conjugated , Cy7-Conjugated Antibody |
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CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) (FITC) |
|||
| MBS6285406-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | 980 EUR |
CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) (FITC) |
|||
| MBS6285406-5x02mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.2mL | 4250 EUR |
CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) (Biotin) |
|||
| MBS6285405-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | 980 EUR |
CFP, ID (CFP, PFC, Properdin, Complement factor P) (Biotin) |
|||
| MBS6285405-5x02mL | MyBiosource | 5x0.2mL | 4250 EUR |
Chloramphenicol (CFP), 98-102% |
|||
| 97686 | Sisco Laboratories | 5 Gms | 6.23 EUR |
|
Description: Part B |
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CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A16414-100ul | Abclonal | 100 ul | 369.6 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
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| A16414-200ul | Abclonal | 200 ul | 550.8 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A16414-20ul | Abclonal | 20 ul | 219.6 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A16414-50ul | Abclonal | 50 ul | 267.6 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A16415-100ul | Abclonal | 100 ul | 369.6 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A16415-200ul | Abclonal | 200 ul | 550.8 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A16415-20ul | Abclonal | 20 ul | 219.6 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A16415-50ul | Abclonal | 50 ul | 267.6 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A5398-100ul | Abclonal | 100 ul | 369.6 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A5398-200ul | Abclonal | 200 ul | 550.8 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A5398-20ul | Abclonal | 20 ul | 219.6 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A5398-50ul | Abclonal | 50 ul | 267.6 EUR |
CFP cDNA Clone |
|||
| MBS1274537-001mgPlasmid02mLGlycerolStock | MyBiosource | 0.01mgPlasmid+0.2mLGlycerol-Stock | 200 EUR |
CFP cDNA Clone |
|||
| MBS1274537-5x001mgPlasmid5x02mLGlycerolStock | MyBiosource | 5x0.01mgPlasmid+5x0.2mLGlycerol-Stock | 855 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A16414 | Abclonal | 50μL | 173.58 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
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| A16415 | Abclonal | 50μL | 173.58 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| A5398 | Abclonal | 20μL | 88.56 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| E45R29973N | EnoGene | 50 ul | 297.75 EUR |
CFP Rabbit pAb |
|||
| E45R30050N | EnoGene | 50 ul | 297.75 EUR |
CFP siRNA (Human) |
|||
| MBS8201329-15nmol | MyBiosource | 15nmol | 405 EUR |
CFP siRNA (Human) |
|||
| MBS8201329-30nmol | MyBiosource | 30nmol | 565 EUR |
CFP siRNA (Human) |
|||
| MBS8201329-5x30nmol | MyBiosource | 5x30nmol | 2450 EUR |
CFP siRNA (Mouse) |
|||
| MBS8237767-15nmol | MyBiosource | 15nmol | 405 EUR |
CFP siRNA (Mouse) |
|||
| MBS8237767-30nmol | MyBiosource | 30nmol | 565 EUR |
CFP siRNA (Mouse) |
|||
| MBS8237767-5x30nmol | MyBiosource | 5x30nmol | 2450 EUR |
Cfp (GFP-tagged) - Mouse complement factor properdin (Cfp), (10ug) |
|||
| MG220985 | Origene Technologies GmbH | 10 µg | Ask for price |
Rat CFP (Properdin) |
|||
| MBS766204-10x96StripWells | MyBiosource | 10x96-Strip-Wells | 3900 EUR |
Rat CFP (Properdin) |
|||
| MBS766204-48StripWells | MyBiosource | 48-Strip-Wells | 340 EUR |
Rat CFP (Properdin) |
|||
| MBS766204-5x96StripWells | MyBiosource | 5x96-Strip-Wells | 2045 EUR |
Rat CFP (Properdin) |
|||
| MBS766204-96StripWells | MyBiosource | 96-Strip-Wells | 455 EUR |
pRSET- CFP Plasmid |
|||
| PVT0816 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | 390 EUR |
Cfp (Myc-DDK-tagged) - Mouse complement factor properdin (Cfp) |
|||
| MR220985 | Origene Technologies GmbH | 10 µg | Ask for price |
Mouse Properdin (Cfp) |
|||
| 1-CSB-YP005291MO | Cusabio |
|
|
|
Description: Recombinant Mouse Properdin(Cfp) expressed in Yeast |
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Comparative study of three screening tests, two microbiological tube tests, and a multi-sulphonamide ELISA kit for the detection of antimicrobial and sulphonamide residues in eggs.
The screening of antimicrobial residues in eggs is an especially important subject. Three different commercial kits for the screening of sulphonamides and other antimicrobials in eggs were validated in accordance with Decision 2002/657/EC: one enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) kit multi-sulphonamides (from RAISIO Diagnostics) and two microbiological tests (a Premi test from DSM and an Explorer kit from Zeu-Inmunotec). The false-positive rates were lower than 2% for all kits.
The detection capabilities (CCbeta) have to be as low as possible for banned substances and lower than the maximum residue limit (MRL) when MRLs have been set.
The sensitivity of the Premi test was better than that of the Explorer test, probably because of the dilution of the eggs before the Explorer test was used. The CCbeta values towards most of the tested sulphonamides were satisfactory with the Premi test (< or = 100 microg kg(-1)). Performance in a proficiency test for the detection of sulphonamides in eggs with the Premi test confirmed these results.
The detection capabilities of tetracycline and doxycycline were at the level of the MRL or twice the MRL maximum. The detection capabilities for chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline were higher (four to six times the MRL). The detection capabilities for amoxicillin, neomycin, tylosin and erythromycin were lower than their respective MRLs.
Detection capabilities for sulphonamides were much lower for the ELISA kit than for microbiological tests. The ELISA kit could be recommended for the targeted screening of sulphonamides in eggs. On the other hand, the Explorer and Premi tests could be used as wide screening tests allowing the detection of most of the antimicrobial families.